Effect of energy and CO2 consumption on the economy in Sub-Sahara Africa



Abstract Views
495

Downloads
295

Citations

Share

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Submitted Feb 13, 2020
Published Feb 22, 2020
10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.1.239

Abstract viewed = 495 times

Table of Contents

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

The study focused on the long-term related effect among energy consumption (EC), CO2 production and economy growth (EG) of 12 randomly selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We used validation and causality tests in the 2008-2018 annual record. Special effects vary from country to country, in the long term, strong consumption of energy and economy growth in many countries has been linked with an increment in air pollution. The observation of the longitudinal study showed economic growth resulting in short-term CO2 emissions in Benin, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal, reflecting a lack of economy. This would not be possible without affecting the environment. The effect between CO2 and EG in Gabon, Nigeria and Togo has shown that environmental policies aimed at reducing pollution can be harmful. economic growth. In addition, long-term economic and CO2 production in Nigeria has been closely linked to the long-term links to Congo and Gabon. In the long-run, greenhouse gas emissions are the result of EC, EG and CO2 emission in Benin, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa and Togo.

Keywords: Energy consumption; Economic Growth CO2 emission

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Ajmi AN, Hammoudeh S, Nguyen DK, Sato JR. On the relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and income: the importance of time variation. Energy Econ 2015;49:629e38.
     Google Scholar
  2. Akin CS. The impact of foreign trade, energy consumption and income on CO2 Emissions. Int J Energy Econ Policy 2014;4:465e75.
     Google Scholar
  3. Akinlo AE. Electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria: evidence from cointegration and co-feature analysis. J Policy Modeling 2009;31:681e93.
     Google Scholar
  4. Arbex M, Perobelli FS. Solow meets Leontief: economic growth and energy consumption. Energy Econ 2010;43:43e53.
     Google Scholar
  5. Banerjee A, Dolado JJ, Galbraith JW, Hendry DF. Cointegration, Error correction and the econometric analysis of non-stationary data. oxford: Oxford University Press; 1993.
     Google Scholar
  6. Bastola U, Sapkota P. Relationships among energy consumption, pollution emission, and economic growth in Nepal. Energy 2015;80:254e62.
     Google Scholar
  7. Brock WA, Taylor MS. Economic growth and the environment: a review of theory and empirics. In: Aghion P, Durlauf S, editors. Handbook of economic growth, vol. 1B; 2005. p. 1750e821.
     Google Scholar
  8. Brock WA, Taylor MS. The green Solow model. J Econ Growth 2010;15:127e53.
     Google Scholar
  9. Coondoo D, Dinda S. Causality between income and emission: a country group-specific econometric analysis. Ecol Econ 2002;40:351e67.
     Google Scholar
  10. Dinda S, Coondoo D. Income and emission: a panel data-based cointegration analysis. Ecol Econ 2006;57:167e81.
     Google Scholar
  11. Engle RF, Granger CWJ. Cointegration and error correction: representation, estimation and testing. Econometrica 1987;55(2):251e76.
     Google Scholar
  12. Gonzalo J, Lee TH. Pitfalls in testing for long run relationships. J Econ 1998;86: 129e54.
     Google Scholar
  13. IEA. World Energy Outlook. International energy agency. Paris: OECD Publication Service, OECD; 2006. 2006.
     Google Scholar
  14. Inder B. Estimating long-run relationships in economics: a comparison of different approaches. J Econ 1993;57:53e68.
     Google Scholar
  15. Kolstad CD, Krautkraemer JA. Natural resource use and the environment. In: Kneese AV, Sweeney JL, editors. Handbook of natural resource and energy economics, vol. 3; 1993. p. 1219e65.
     Google Scholar
  16. Lean HH, Smyth R. CO2 emissions, electricity consumption and output inASEAN. Appl Energy 2010;87:1858e64.
     Google Scholar
  17. Lutkepohl H. Non-causality due to omitted variables. J Econ 1982;19:367e78.
     Google Scholar
  18. Olugbenga AO, Oluwole O. Carbon emissions and income trajectory in eight heterogeneous countries: the role of trade openness, energy consumption and population dynamics. J Glob Econ 2013;9:85e122.
     Google Scholar
  19. Onafowora OA, Owoye O. Bounds testing approach to analysis of the environment Kuznets curve hypothesis. Energy Econ 2014;44:47e62.
     Google Scholar
  20. Pesaran MH, Shin Y, Smith RJ. Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. J Appl Econ 2001;16:289e326.
     Google Scholar
  21. Phillips PCB, Perron P. Testing for a unit root in time series regression. Biometrika 1988;75:335e46.
     Google Scholar
  22. Ricci F. Channels of transmission of environmental policy to economic growth: a survey of the theory. Ecol Econ 2007;60:688e99.
     Google Scholar
  23. Shafik N. Economic development and environmental quality: an econometric analysis. Oxf Econ Pap 1994:757e73. 46 (Supplement).
     Google Scholar
  24. Tutulmaz O. Environmental Kuznets Curve time series application for Turkey: why controversial results exist for similar models? Renew Sust Energy Rev 2015;50:73e81.
     Google Scholar
  25. Wagner M. The environmental Kuznets curve, cointegration and nonlinearity. J Appl Econ 2015;30:948e67.
     Google Scholar
  26. Wolde-Rufael Y. Energy demand and economic growth: the experience of African countries revisited. Energy Econ 2009;31:217e24.
     Google Scholar
  27. World Bank. World development indicator. 2014. available from: http://www. worldbank.org.
     Google Scholar
  28. Zhang X-P, Cheng X-M. Energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic growth in China. Ecol Econ 2009;68:2706e12.
     Google Scholar