##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Recently, there was a struggle to control the volume of production and the volume of production between countries and regions in the world. Rather, western countries had a desire to attract investments in the east to their own countries and regions. This desire has led to the emergence of the Industry 4.0 phenomenon of the West, which is Germany. In other words, with this phenomenon, the industry is aimed to digitize production more and contribute to the issues of speed, efficiency and flexibility by providing digitalization in production. With these changes, Industry 4.0, was seen that the system was working better than it was and production was made cheaper than the system, when taking the muscle strength out of the system. While the positive contributions of Industry 4.0 have resonated with all sectors, it has also started to have an impact on the agricultural sector. Problems such as scarcity in the world, not using natural resources effectively and not using technology in the agricultural field, have caused the emergence of digitalization in the agricultural sector. "Agriculture 4.0", wich means making smart production with smart farming practices by using the concepts, information and technologies in the literature. In line with the possibilities and technological developments offered by Industry 4.0, it enables the sensors to be seen in all agricultural machines from the tractor to the crop tools and the communication of the machines in the entire production process by entering the internet of things into the agricultural sector. As a matter of fact, with the agriculture 4.0, the traditional agriculture paradigm has not been sufficient anymore and it contributes to sustainability, to be productive, to protect the rural texture, to protect the environmental quality and to provide accessible food by undergoing changes and agricultural practices. In the study, the problems experienced in the agricultural sector, the effects of Agriculture 4.0 on these problems and how they will benefit are discussed. The use of technology has given the system its name and agriculture has also taken its share in the developments. Accordingly, what are the practices of Agriculture 4.0 in the world and how their contributions are investigated.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Akay, M. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 İle Akıllı Tarıma Geçiş, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326550785, Date of access:08.03.2020.
     Google Scholar
  2. Arendok, A. (2015). The development of the share of agriculture in GDP and employment, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/263b/17e0e3c6c9b7e7a156ec2a138fe6955bbf91.pdf?_ga=2.138898547.1129366168.1582060039-582752527.1582060039, Date of access:01.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  3. Bauernhansl, T., Krüger, J., Reinhart, G., Schuh, G. (2016). Wgp-Standpunkt Industrie4.0, Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft für Produktionstechnik Wgp
     Google Scholar
  4. BCG, (2015), “Industry 4.0, The Future of Productivity and Growt in Manufacturing
     Google Scholar
  5. Beddington, J. (2010). Food security: contributions from science to a new and greener revolution,” The Royal Society
     Google Scholar
  6. Beus, C. E. and Dunlap, R. E. (1994). Agricultural Paradigms and the Practice Agriculture, Rural Sociological Society, 59(4), 1994, pp. 620-635.
     Google Scholar
  7. Bhardwaj, S., Jain, L. Ve Jain, S. (2010). Cloud Computing: A Study of Infrastructure as a Service (IAAS), International Journal of Engineerging and Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 1, pp.60-63.
     Google Scholar
  8. Brettel, M., Friederichsen, N., Keller, M., and Rosenberg, M. (2014). How Virtualization, Decentralization and Network Building Change the Manufacturing Landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(1): 37-44.
     Google Scholar
  9. Bosch (2020). https://www.bosch.com/stories/smart-agriculture/, Date of access:04.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  10. Chen, Y., Cheng, J.Y. and Cremar, K. S. (2008). Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: A review, Bioresource Technology, 99 (2008) 4044–4064.
     Google Scholar
  11. CTA (2019). The Dıgıtalısatıon of Afrıcan Agrıculture Report 2018-2019, 1st Edıtıon, June 2019.
     Google Scholar
  12. Dıao, X., Hazell, P. And Thurlow, J. (2010). The Role of Agrıculture in African Development, World Development Vol. 38, No. 10, pp. 1375–1383
     Google Scholar
  13. Duhan, J.S., Kumara, R., Kumara, N., Kaura, P., Nehrab, K. And Duhan, K. (2017). Nanotechnology: The new perspective in precision agriculture, Biotechnology Report 15, pp. 11-23.
     Google Scholar
  14. Dwarkani, C. Et al., (2015). Smart Farming System Using Sensors for Agricultural Task Automation, International Conference on Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR 2015).
     Google Scholar
  15. European Comission (2019). Statistical Factsheet Netherlands June 2019.
     Google Scholar
  16. Foley, J. et al. (2005). Global Consequences of Land Use, Science, Vol 309, www.sciencemag.org570
     Google Scholar
  17. FAO (2012). Agricultural Outlook 2012, Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Productivity Growth
     Google Scholar
  18. FAO (2020). World Agricultural Production, https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/production.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 18 Haziran 2020
     Google Scholar
  19. GEOSYS (2020). https://www.geosys.com.tr/tarim.php#tarim, Date of access:03.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  20. Hansen, J.W. (1996). Is Agrıcultural Sustainability a Useful Concept? Agricultural Systems 50 (1996),1I7- 143 Elsevier Science Limited Printed in Great Britain
     Google Scholar
  21. Hermann, M., Pentek, T., Otto, B. (2016). Design principles for industrie 4.0 scenarios, 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Computer Society IEEE
     Google Scholar
  22. International Trade Centre (2016). Trade Performance Index, Date of access:04.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  23. Jongebloed, P. (2010). Wageningen University and Research Centre Part of Dutch Agrofood Cluster.
     Google Scholar
  24. Kahraman, H. (2017). Endüstri 4.0 ile Birlikte Gelen Akıllı Tarım, Endüstri Platformu, Date of access:04.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  25. Klerkx, L., Jakku, E. and Labarthe, P. (2019). A Review of Social Science on Digital Agriculture, Smart Farming and Agriculture 4.0: New Contributions and a Future Research Agenda, NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences.
     Google Scholar
  26. Kılavuz, E., & Erdem, İ. Dünyada Tarım 4.0 Uygulamaları ve Türk Tarımının Dönüşümü. Social Sciences, 14(4), pp.133-157.
     Google Scholar
  27. Lee, J., Davari Arkadani, H., Yang, S., Bagheri, B. (2015). Industrial Big Data Analytics and Cyber-Phisical Systems for Future Maintanance & Service Innovation, Procedia CIRP, 38: pp. 3-7.
     Google Scholar
  28. Liang, Y., Lu, X. S., Zhang, D. G., & Liang, F. (2002). The Main Content, Technical Support and Enforcement Strategy of Digital Agriculture, Geo-Spatial Information Science, 5(1), pp.68-73.
     Google Scholar
  29. Lobell, D. B. et al., (2008). Prioritizing Climate Change Adaptation Needs for Food Security in 2030, Science, Vol 319, www.sciencemag.org
     Google Scholar
  30. Lucke, D., Constantinescu, C. and Westkämper, E., (2008). Smart Factory - A Step Towards the Next Generation of Manufacturing., in (Mitsuishi, M., Ueda, K., and Kimura, F., 'eds.'): Manufacturing Systems and Technologies for the New Frontier -, Springer, London: 115-118.
     Google Scholar
  31. Maeder, P. et al., (2002). Soil Fertility and Biodiversity in Organic Farming, Science 296, 1694 (2002), DOI: 10.1126/science.1071148
     Google Scholar
  32. McKendry, P. (2002). Energy production from biomass (part 1): overview of biomass, Bioresource Technology 83 (2002), pp. 37–46.
     Google Scholar
  33. McKinsey Company (2016). Industry 4.0: How to Navigate Digitization of the Manufacturing Sector.
     Google Scholar
  34. Monostori, L. (2014). Cyber-physical production systems: Roots, expectations and R&D challenges. Procedia Cirp, 17, pp. 9-13.
     Google Scholar
  35. Olıver Wyman (2018). Agrıculture 4.0: The Future of Farming Technology, Authors: M. D. Clercq, A. Vats and A. Biel, World Government Summıt.
     Google Scholar
  36. Özdoğan, B., Gacar, A. and Aktaş, H. (2017). Digital Agriculture Practıces ın the Context of Agriculture 4.0, Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting,
     Google Scholar
  37. Porter, M.E. and Heppelmann. J.E. (2016). How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition. Harv. Bus. Rev.92: 18.
     Google Scholar
  38. Pranav, P. K., Pandey, K. P., & Tewari, V. K. (2010). Digital wheel slipmeter for agricultural 2WD tractors. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 73(2), 188-193.
     Google Scholar
  39. Rifkin, J. (2015). Nesnelerin İnterneti ve İşbirliği Çağı, Optimist Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
     Google Scholar
  40. Roblek, V., Meško, M., Krapež, A. (2016). A complex view of industry 4.0, Sage Open, 6; 2: 1-11.
     Google Scholar
  41. Rojko, A. (2017). Industry 4.0 Concept: Background and Overview, International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 11 (5): pp. 77-90.
     Google Scholar
  42. Rüßmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P., Harnisch, M. (2015). Industry 4.0: The Future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries, Boston Consulting Group.
     Google Scholar
  43. Shamim, S., Cang, S., Yu, H. And Li, Y. (2016). Management Approaches For Industry 4. 0: A Human Resource Management Perspective
     Google Scholar
  44. Shen, S., Basist, A., & Howard, A. (2010), Structure of a Digital Agriculture System and Agricultural Risks Due to Climate Changes, Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 1, 42-51.
     Google Scholar
  45. Siemens (2016). “Endüstri 4.0 Yolunda”, http://cdn.endustri40.com/file/ab05aaa 7695b45c5a6477b6fc06f3645/End%C3%BCstri_4.0_Yolunda.pdf, Date of access:03.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  46. Soylu, A. (2018). "Endüstri 4.0 ve Girişimcilikte Yeni Yaklaşımlar", Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bililmler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Issue 32, Denizli, pp.43-57.
     Google Scholar
  47. Sun, S., Zhang, C., Li, X., Zhou, T., Wang, Y., Wu, P., & Cai, H. (2017). Sensitivity of crop water productivity to the variation of agricultural and climatic factors: A study of Hetao irrigation district, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 2562-2569
     Google Scholar
  48. Strandhagen, J.W., Alfnes, E., Strandhagen, J.O., Vallandingham, L.R. (2017). The fit of Industry 4.0 applications in manufacturing logistics: a multiple case study. Adv. Manuf. 5:344–358.
     Google Scholar
  49. TABİT (2019). http://www.tabit.com.tr/coskun-yildirim-tv35-yayininda/, Date of access:09.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  50. T.C. Ticaret Bakanlığı (2017). www.ticaretbakanlığı.gov.tr, (Date of access:01.03.2020).
     Google Scholar
  51. Tektaş, A. (2018). Tarım ve Teknoloji Genel Eğilimleri Sunumu, 8. Tarım, Gıda ve Soğuk Zincir Lojistiği Sempozyumu.
     Google Scholar
  52. The Economic Times (2015). China Sets Up First Unmanned Factory; All Processes Are Operated By Robots. [Available online at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/business/china-sets-up-first-unmanned-factory-all-processes-are-operated-by-robots/articleshow/48238331.cms?utm_campaign=DonanimHaber&utm_medium=referral&utm_source.
     Google Scholar
  53. The Global Competıtıveness Report (2019). The Global Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum, Date of access:02.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  54. Tilman, D., Cassman, K., Matson, P. et al. Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature 418, 671–677 (2002).
     Google Scholar
  55. UN (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Report.
     Google Scholar
  56. USB (2017). The Future of the Western Cape Agricultural Sector ın the Context of the 4th Industrial Revolution.
     Google Scholar
  57. Villalobos, J. V., Soto-Silva, W., Gonzalez-Araya, M.C. and Ramiraz, R.G. (2019). Resarch Directions in Technology Development to Support Real-Time Decisions of Fresh Produce Logistics: A Rewiev and Research Agenda, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 167 (2019) 105092.
     Google Scholar
  58. Vossenaar, F. (2018). Agriculture in Netherlands: The drive for Circularity.
     Google Scholar
  59. Vörösmarty, C.J. et al. (2000). Global Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth, Scıence, www.sciencemag.org284.
     Google Scholar
  60. Wang, S., Wan, J., Zhang, D., Li, D. and Zhang, C. (2016). Towards smart factory for Industry 4.0: Self- organized Multi-Agent System With Big Data Based Feedback and Coordination, Computer Networks, Vol 101, pp. 158-168.
     Google Scholar
  61. Weltzen, C. (2016). Digital agriculture – or why agriculture 4.0 still offers only modest returns, Landtechnık, 71(2), 2016, 66–68.
     Google Scholar
  62. WTO (2019). World Trade Organization World Trade Statistical Review2019,https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/wts2019_e/wts19_toc_e.htm, Date of access: 04.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  63. Wolfert, S., Ge L., Verdouw, V. ve Bogaardt, M., 2016. Big Data in Smart Farming – A review, Agricultural Systems 153 (2017) pp.69–80.
     Google Scholar
  64. World Bank (2020). http://datatopics.worldbank.org/world-development-indicators/, Date of access 05.03.2020
     Google Scholar
  65. Zhou, K., Liu, T., & Zhou, L. (2015). Industry 4.0: Towards future industrial opportunities and challenges. In 2015 12th International conference on fuzzy systems and knowledge discovery (FSKD) (pp. 2147-2152).
     Google Scholar