Research Article

Creative Tourism and Business Development in Akwa Ibom State

Christabel D. Brownson
Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria
* Corresponding author
DOI icon 10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.3.897

Read Counter
723

Downloads
684

Citations

Share

Article Sidebar

Submitted 2021-05-26
Published 2021-06-16

Read counter = 723 times

Table of Contents

Article Main Content

Creative Tourism is a new tourism opportunity that emphasizes the engagement between host and guests who are interested in actively participating in and learning from an authentic experience. It is the future of cultural tourism. Although it is considered as an escape route from the reproduction of cultural assets of tourism destination, contributing the preserve of original cultures and intangible heritage. A simple evaluation of the performance of the Nigerian Tourism industry reveals the absence of a tourism spirit among industry players and the lack of adequate visitor ready tourism products. Despite the low contribution of tourism to the national GDP of the Country, the Nigerian government has made several efforts and attempts to boost the industry with sporadic developments in some states of the country of which Akwa Ibom State is one of them. It is with this view that this study seeks to investigate Creative tourism and business development in Akwa Ibom State. Using a quantitative analysis, a total sample of 192 entrepreneurs were investigated. Findings revealed that Creative Tourism relates positively with business development in Akwa Ibom State.

Keywords: Creative Tourism, Creative Contents, Global Experience, Entrepreneurship, Business Development

References

  1. Abubakar, I. Z. (2014) The Economic Contribution of Tourism in Nigeria and the Strategies for Increasing the Contribution in the Future, Retrieved 24/03/2021 from https://www.academic.edu/5936943/economic.
     Google Scholar
  2. Adeleye, N., Osabuohien, E., Bowale, e., Mathew, O., & Oduntan E. (2017) Financial Reforms and Credit Growth in Nigeria: Empirical Insights from ARDL and ECM Techniques. International Review of Applied Economics, 32 (6)1-14.
     Google Scholar
  3. Al-Ababneh MM (2017) Creative Tourism. Journal of Tourism & Hospitality 6: 282. doi: 10.4172/2167-0269.1000282.
     Google Scholar
  4. Amaral, M. & Rodigues, A. (2020) The Importance of Social Media for the Improvement of the Tourist Experience offered by Rural Tourism Enterprises. The Case of Alentejo. In Celia Ramos, Claudia Almeida, & Paula Fernandes (Eds.) Handbook of Research on Social Media Applications for the Tourism and Hospitality Sector, (PP.309 – 333). Hershey, PA. IGI Global.
     Google Scholar
  5. Angeloni, S. (2013). Cultural tourism and well-being of the local population in Italy. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 8(3), pp. 17–31.
     Google Scholar
  6. Arts Council of New Zealand, 2011). Do my arts look good on this? – Media arts and digital platforms, Retrieved October, 1, 2012, from http://www.creativenz.govt.nz/asssts/paperelip/publication_documentations/documents/123/original/do my arts look good on this final.pdf?1322079831.
     Google Scholar
  7. Cabeca, S. M., Goncalves, A. R., Marques, J. F. & Tavares, M. (2020) Creative Tourism as an Inductor of Co-creation Experiences. The CREATOUR Project in the Algarve. In Pinto P., Guerreiro M., Editors. Handbook of Research on Resident and Tourist Perspectives on Travel Destinations. IGI Global; Pennsylvania: 2020. DOI:10.4018/978-1-7998-3156-3.ch013
     Google Scholar
  8. CREATOUR (2017). The State of the Art in Creative Tourism. Call for Projects, CREATOUR.
     Google Scholar
  9. Den Dekker, T., & Tabbers, M. (2012). From Creative Crowds to Creative Tourism: A search for creative tourism in small and medium sized cities. Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice, 4(2), 129-132.
     Google Scholar
  10. Dogru, T. & Bulut, U. (2018) Is Tourism an Engine for Economic Recovery? Theory and Empirical Evidence. Tourism Management, 67, 425-434.
     Google Scholar
  11. Dwyer, L. & Kim, C. (2003) Destination Competitiveness: Determinants and Indicators, Current Issues of Tourism, Vol.6. No.5, pp. 369-414.
     Google Scholar
  12. Ejemeyovwi, J.O., Osabuohien, E. S. & Osabohien, R. (2018) ICT Investments Human Capital Development and Institutions in ECOWAS, International Journal of Economics and Business Research, 15 (4) 4630-474.
     Google Scholar
  13. Ghosh, B. (2011) Tourism and Travel Management. Bengaluru: VikasPublishing House Put Ltd.
     Google Scholar
  14. Hull, J., & Sassenberg, U. (2012). Creating new cultural visitor experiences on islands: challenges and opportunities. Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice, 4(2), 91-110.
     Google Scholar
  15. Hung, W.-L., Lee, Y.-J., & Huang, P.-H. (2016). Creative experiences, memorability and revisit intention in creative tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(8), 763-770. doi: 10.1080/13683500.2013.877422.
     Google Scholar
  16. Ijeoma, E. (2010) NTDC Has contributed to the Nation’s Economy-Runsewe: Tourism News Nigerian. Retrieved Feb. 23, 2015 from http://tourism-news-nigeria.blogspot.com/2010/10/ntdc-has-contributed-to-nations-economy.html.
     Google Scholar
  17. Kesimoglu, A. (2014) Entertainment and Food Tourism in the Backdrop of late modernity and a reflection on Turkey. In R. Ozturk (Eds), Handbook of Research on the Impact of Culture and Society on the Entertainment Industry, (pp. 39–56) IGI Global. DOI:10.4018/978-1-4666-6190.5.ch003.
     Google Scholar
  18. Mathew, A. O., Fasina, F. F., Olowe, O. & Adegboye, F. B. (2010) Empirical Modeling of the Impact of Financial Innovation on the demand for money in Nigeria. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 58, 73-90.
     Google Scholar
  19. Marques, L. (2012) Boosting potential creative tourism resources: the case of Siby (Mali). Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice, 4(2), p.111-128.
     Google Scholar
  20. OECD (2014). Tourism and the Creative Economy. Paris: OECD.
     Google Scholar
  21. Piscitelli, (2019) Promotion of Heritage Tourism through Branding and Graphic Communication. In Conservation and Promotion of Heritage Tourism – Alvarez-Garcia, J.; Rama, C.R.; Dixit, M., Hira, P. and Poonia, M. (2019) DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6283-2.ch004.
     Google Scholar
  22. Remoaldo, P.C.; Matos, O.; Freitas, I.; Gôja, R.; Alves, J.; Ribeiro, V., Pereira, M.; Xavier, C. (2020), “An international overview of certified practices in creative tourism in rural and urban territories”, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. DOI: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1096348020950792.
     Google Scholar
  23. Richards, G. (2009) Creative tourism and local development. In: Wurzburger, R., Pattakos, A. and Pratt, S. (eds) Creative Tourism: A Global Conversation. Santa Fe: Sunstone Press, pp. 78-90.
     Google Scholar
  24. Richards, G. (2011). Creativity and Tourism: The State of the Art. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1225–1253.
     Google Scholar
  25. Richards, G. (2014). Creativity and tourism in the city. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(2), 119–144.
     Google Scholar
  26. Richards, G. (2017). The development of creative tourism in Asia. In C. Silver, L. Marques, H. Hanan, & I. Widiastuti (Eds.). Imagining Experience: Creative Tourism and the making of Place (pp. ix–xiv). New York: Springer Science+Business Media.
     Google Scholar
  27. Richard, (2018) Panorama of Creative Tourism Around the World, Conference Paper, Presented at the Seminario Internacional de Turismo Criativo, Cais do Sertao, Recife, Brazil, 7th December, 2018.
     Google Scholar
  28. Richards, G. (2019). Creative tourism: Opportunities for smaller places? Tourism and Management Studies, 15 (Special Issue), 7-10.
     Google Scholar
  29. Richards, G., & Raymond C. (2000). Creative Tourism. ATLAS News, 23, 16-20.
     Google Scholar
  30. Richards, G., & Wilson, J. (2007). The creative turn in regeneration: Creative spaces, spectacles and tourism in cities. In M. Smith (Ed.). Tourism, Culture and Regeneration (pp. 12–24). London: Routledge.
     Google Scholar
  31. Souca, M.L. (2019). Revitalizing Rural Tourism through Creative Tourism: The Role and Importance of the Local Community, Marketing from Information to Decision Journal, Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 43-50.
     Google Scholar
  32. Wiyana, T., Bahri, A. S., Zulkarnain, A. & Tomahuw, R. (2018) Basic of Creative Tourism: Batik as a Creative Industry, Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, Volume 168, p.19-23.
     Google Scholar
  33. UNESCO (2006) "Towards Sustainable Strategies for Creative Tourism,"Discussion Report of the planning meeting for 2008 International Conference on Creative Tourism Sante Fe, New Mexico.http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001598/159811E.pdf. Accessed on 23.10.2016.
     Google Scholar
  34. White, P. (2010) Creative Industries in a Rural Region: Creative Sector in the Western Region of Ireland. Creative Industries Journal 3(1), pp.79-88.
     Google Scholar
  35. Wisansing, J. (2015). Redesign Tourism. Bangkok: DASTA.
     Google Scholar
  36. World Bank (2002) Millennium development goals: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger. Retrieved on September 20, 2012, from http://www.developmentgoals.org/poverty/htm.
     Google Scholar
  37. Yunis, E. (2004) Sustainable Tourism and Poverty Alleviation. Paper Presented at the World Bank ABCDE Conference-Europe.Brussels. 10th May, 2004.
     Google Scholar